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A public–public partnership (PuP) is a partnership between a government body or public authority and another such body or a non-profit organization to provide services and/or facilities, sometimes with the goal of transferring technical skills and expertise within international development projects. Partners can include other local, regional, state, provincial, first nations or aboriginal governments, national or federal governments, school boards, parks boards, non-governmental organizations, unions, pension funds, professional organizations, and governments, labour, non-governmental organizations and community groups in developing countries. Public–public partnerships exist in contrast to public–private partnerships (P3s or PPPs). PPPs involve governments contracting corporations to design, build, finance, maintain and operate public projects like schools, hospitals and bridges. They usually involve large global corporations with contracts often lasting decades. ==PUPs in water== The Yokohama Waterworks Bureau first started training partnerships in the 1980s to help staff in other Asian countries.〔(The Yokohama Waterworks Bureau website )〕 Far more countries have hosted PUPs than PPPs (44 countries with private participation).〔(list of PFFIAF publications ) a report from December 2008〕 Water PUPs have been around for over 20 years and are in all regions of the world. They have been growing in number more rapidly the last few years. They are used as an alternative tool for improvements in public water management. 〔(Public–public partnerships (PUPs) in water ) A report on PUPs by the Water Justice Project of the Transnational Institute〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Public–public partnership」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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